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United States

What 82 common medicines are sold as in United States, and whether you can buy them over the counter. Take extra care with anything controlled or banned if you're bringing your own.

Entry summary

  • Controlled (Rx)6
  • Rx only43
  • OTC / Rx3
  • No Rx: Ask Pharmacist3
  • OTC27
MedicineAsk forStatus
ParacetamolAnalgesic / antipyreticAsk forTylenolOTC
IbuprofenNSAIDAsk forAdvil / MotrinOTC
LoratadineAntihistamine, non-sedatingAsk forClaritinOTC
CetirizineAntihistamine, non-sedatingAsk forZyrtecOTC
DiphenhydramineAntihistamine, sedatingAsk forBenadrylOTC
LoperamideAntidiarrhealAsk forImodiumOTC
OmeprazoleProton pump inhibitorAsk forPrilosecOTC / Rx

OTC only at the 14-day short-course dose; higher/longer-term doses need a prescription.

PseudoephedrineDecongestantAsk forSudafedNo Rx: Ask Pharmacist

Sold from behind the pharmacy counter without a prescription. You must show photo ID and be 18 or older, and purchase limits apply.

MelatoninSleep aid / hormoneAsk forSold as a plain supplement, no brand neededOTC
DimenhydrinateAntiemetic / motion sicknessAsk forDramamineOTC
AmoxicillinAntibiotic, penicillinAsk forSold generic (formerly Amoxil)Rx only
MetforminAntidiabetic, biguanideAsk forSold generic (formerly Glucophage)Rx only
SertralineSSRI antidepressantAsk forZoloftRx only
SalbutamolBronchodilator, inhaledAsk forVentolin / ProAirRx only

Labeled "albuterol" in the US. Nearly everywhere else calls the same drug "salbutamol".

AtorvastatinStatin (cholesterol)Ask forLipitor (mostly sold generic now)Rx only
LevothyroxineThyroid hormone (hypothyroidism)Ask forSynthroidRx only
LisinoprilACE inhibitor (blood pressure)Ask forZestril (mostly sold generic)Rx only
AmlodipineCalcium channel blocker (blood pressure)Ask forNorvasc (mostly sold generic)Rx only
MetoprololBeta blocker (blood pressure/heart)Ask forLopressor / Toprol-XL (mostly sold generic)Rx only
LosartanARB (blood pressure)Ask forCozaar (mostly sold generic)Rx only
GabapentinNerve pain / anticonvulsantAsk forNeurontin (mostly sold generic)Rx only
RosuvastatinStatin (cholesterol)Ask forCrestor (mostly sold generic)Rx only
PantoprazoleProton pump inhibitorAsk forProtonix (mostly sold generic)Rx only
EscitalopramSSRI antidepressantAsk forLexapro (mostly sold generic)Rx only
Amphetamine / DextroamphetamineStimulant (ADHD), controlled substanceAsk forAdderallControlled (Rx)

Schedule II controlled substance. Pack only what you need for the trip and keep it in the original labeled bottle. Flying within the US needs no paperwork. Arriving from abroad, declare it at customs and carry a prescription or doctor’s note in English.

HydrochlorothiazideDiuretic (blood pressure)Ask forSold generic (formerly Microzide)Rx only
BupropionAtypical antidepressant / smoking cessationAsk forWellbutrin (mostly sold generic)Rx only
FluoxetineSSRI antidepressantAsk forProzac (mostly sold generic)Rx only
SemaglutideGLP-1 agonist (diabetes/weight)Ask forOzempic (diabetes) / Wegovy (weight management)Rx only

Avoid compounded "semaglutide" from telehealth sites or compounding pharmacies. The shortage that legally permitted mass compounding ended in 2025, and compounded versions aren’t FDA-approved. Their dosing, purity and salt form (for example semaglutide sodium or acetate in place of the approved base) have been documented as inconsistent, with associated adverse events.

Source: fda.gov ↗
MontelukastLeukotriene modifier (asthma/allergy)Ask forSingulair (mostly sold generic)Rx only
TrazodoneAntidepressant (commonly used off-label for sleep)Ask forSold generic (formerly Desyrel)Rx only
SimvastatinStatin (cholesterol)Ask forZocor (mostly sold generic)Rx only
TamsulosinAlpha blocker (enlarged prostate)Ask forSold generic (formerly Flomax)Rx only
Hydrocodone / Paracetamol combinationOpioid analgesic combination, controlled substanceAsk forNorco (with paracetamol) / Hysingla ER (hydrocodone alone)Controlled (Rx)

Schedule II controlled substance. Pack only what you need for the trip and keep it in the original labeled bottle. Flying within the US needs no paperwork. Arriving from abroad, declare it at customs and carry a prescription or doctor’s note in English. Vicodin is no longer marketed. Hydrocodone on its own is sold only as extended-release (Hysingla ER and its generics).

FluticasoneCorticosteroid (nasal spray / inhaler)Ask forFlonase (nasal spray, OTC) / Flovent (inhaler, Rx)OTC / Rx

Flonase nasal spray switched from prescription to OTC in the US in 2014; Flovent for asthma remains prescription-only.

MeloxicamNSAID (arthritis)Ask forSold generic (formerly Mobic)Rx only
ApixabanAnticoagulant (blood thinner)Ask forEliquisRx only
FurosemideLoop diureticAsk forLasix (mostly sold generic)Rx only
Insulin GlargineLong-acting insulinAsk forLantusRx only
Insulin LisproRapid-acting insulinAsk forHumalog / AdmelogRx only
Insulin AspartRapid-acting insulinAsk forNovoLog / FiaspRx only
Insulin Human (Regular)Short-acting insulinAsk forHumulin R / Novolin RNo Rx: Ask Pharmacist

Human insulin is sold without a prescription at the pharmacy counter in most US states. The concentrated U-500 version and newer insulins need one.

Insulin Isophane (NPH)Intermediate-acting insulinAsk forHumulin N / Novolin NNo Rx: Ask Pharmacist

Human insulin is sold without a prescription at the pharmacy counter in most US states. Newer insulins need one.

Insulin DetemirLong-acting insulinAsk forLevemirRx only

The maker is withdrawing Levemir worldwide, so stock may be limited. Other long-acting insulins sold here: glargine (Lantus) and degludec (Tresiba).

Insulin DegludecLong-acting insulinAsk forTresibaRx only
DuloxetineSNRI antidepressantAsk forSold generic (formerly Cymbalta)Rx only
FamotidineH2 blocker (acid reflux)Ask forPepcidOTC / Rx

Pepcid is sold over the counter; higher-strength famotidine is also dispensed on prescription.

EmpagliflozinSGLT2 inhibitor (diabetes)Ask forJardianceRx only
CarvedilolBeta blocker (heart failure / blood pressure)Ask forCoreg (mostly sold generic)Rx only
TramadolOpioid analgesic, controlled substanceAsk forSold generic (formerly Ultram)Controlled (Rx)

Schedule IV controlled substance. Pack only what you need for the trip and keep it in the original labeled bottle. Flying within the US needs no paperwork. Arriving from abroad, declare it at customs and carry a prescription or doctor’s note in English.

AlprazolamBenzodiazepine (anxiety), controlled substanceAsk forXanaxControlled (Rx)

Schedule IV controlled substance. Pack only what you need for the trip and keep it in the original labeled bottle. Flying within the US needs no paperwork. Arriving from abroad, declare it at customs and carry a prescription or doctor’s note in English.

PrednisoneCorticosteroid (anti-inflammatory)Ask forSold generic (formerly Deltasone)Rx only
ClopidogrelAntiplatelet (blood thinner)Ask forPlavix (mostly sold generic)Rx only
Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin)NSAID / antiplateletAsk forBayer AspirinOTC
OxycodoneOpioid analgesic, controlled substanceAsk forOxyContin / Percocet / Xtampza ERControlled (Rx)

Schedule II controlled substance. Pack only what you need for the trip and keep it in the original labeled bottle. Flying within the US needs no paperwork. Arriving from abroad, declare it at customs and carry a prescription or doctor’s note in English. Xtampza ER (Collegium Pharmaceutical) is an abuse-deterrent extended-release capsule alternative to OxyContin.

MethylphenidateStimulant (ADHD), controlled substanceAsk forRitalin / ConcertaControlled (Rx)

Schedule II controlled substance. Pack only what you need for the trip and keep it in the original labeled bottle. Flying within the US needs no paperwork. Arriving from abroad, declare it at customs and carry a prescription or doctor’s note in English.

NaproxenNSAIDAsk forAleveOTC
Diclofenac (topical gel)NSAID, topical (pain-relief gel)Ask forVoltaren (Arthritis Pain gel)OTC

The gel is over the counter; diclofenac tablets need a prescription.

FexofenadineAntihistamine, non-sedatingAsk forAllegraOTC
GuaifenesinExpectorant (chesty cough)Ask forMucinexOTC
DextromethorphanCough suppressant (dry cough)Ask forDelsymOTC

Also the "DM" in Robitussin DM and many multi-symptom cold remedies.

Oxymetazoline (nasal spray)Nasal decongestant sprayAsk forAfrinOTC
Bismuth subsalicylateUpset stomach / traveler’s diarrheaAsk forPepto-BismolOTC
Calcium carbonate (antacid)Antacid (heartburn)Ask forTumsOTC
SimeticoneAnti-gas (bloating)Ask forGas-XOTC
Oral rehydration saltsRehydration (diarrhea, heat, vomiting)Ask forPedialyteOTC

No prescription needed. Sold as a drink or powder rather than a medicine; look in the baby or sports-drink aisle.

BisacodylLaxative, stimulantAsk forDulcolaxOTC
Polyethylene glycol 3350 (macrogol)Laxative, osmoticAsk forMiralaxOTC
MeclozineAntiemetic / motion sicknessAsk forBonineOTC

Also sold as Dramamine Less Drowsy. Original Dramamine is a different medicine (dimenhydrinate).

Hydrocortisone (cream)Mild steroid cream (itch, rash, bites)Ask forCortizone-10OTC
ClotrimazoleAntifungal cream (athlete’s foot, yeast)Ask forLotrimin (AF cream)OTC

Check the label: some Lotrimin products use a different antifungal.

Bacitracin / Neomycin / Polymyxin B (antibiotic ointment)Topical antibiotic (cuts and scrapes)Ask forNeosporin / PolysporinOTC
DoxylamineSleep aid (sedating antihistamine)Ask forUnisom (SleepTabs)OTC

Mostly found in nighttime cold remedies such as NyQuil; on its own it is sold as Unisom SleepTabs and store-brand sleep aids. Unisom SleepGels are a different medicine (diphenhydramine).

Levonorgestrel (emergency contraception)Emergency contraceptiveAsk forPlan B One-StepOTC
Atovaquone / ProguanilAntimalarial (prevention)Ask forMalaroneRx only
DoxycyclineAntibiotic, tetracycline (also malaria prevention)Ask forSold generic (also Vibramycin, Doryx)Rx only
AzithromycinAntibiotic, macrolide (traveler’s diarrhea)Ask forZithromaxRx only
CiprofloxacinAntibiotic, fluoroquinolone (traveler’s diarrhea)Ask forCiproRx only
AcetazolamideAltitude sickness preventionAsk forSold generic (formerly Diamox)Rx only
Scopolamine (motion-sickness patch)Antiemetic patch (motion sickness)Ask forTransderm ScopRx only
OndansetronAntiemetic (nausea and vomiting)Ask forSold generic (formerly Zofran)Rx only
Epinephrine (adrenaline auto-injector)Emergency treatment for severe allergic reactionsAsk forEpiPen / Auvi-QRx only